| On June, 1709
the army of Carl XII was mercilessly defeated
at Poltava. The next year Viipuri, Riga,
Pärnu and Kuressaare were seized by the
Russian army. Tallinn was to be the next. The
situation in Tallinn was extremely bad. The
crop failure had brought along
another famine. Wealthier townspeople and
refugee aristocracy were forced to give the
government loans in grain and money. Beggars,
i.e. refugee peasants were driven out of the
town. As if it were not enough, the plague
struck on August 11. On August 15. Russian
troops reached the town. The Tallinn garnison
together with the town troops and eight
citizens' companies was 4600-4700 men in July.
By the end of August 1710 there were about 20
000 Russian soldiers at Tallinn. As the
Russians closed the water canal from Lake
Ülemiste, there was a grave shortage of
water. By the end of
September there were only 500 able men left of
the 4000-strong garnison. |
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| Only 1962 civil
inhabitants of the population of 10 000 had
survived. In his message of August 16, 1710
Peter I promised to confirm all the former
privileges of the town in case Tallinn
surrendered. The vice governor D. F. Patkul had no other way than to
start capitulation negotiations. On September
29 the representatives of the town Swedish
garrison and Estonian knighthood on the one,
and lieutenant general R.F.Bauer on the
Russian side, signed the capitulation document |
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